Byatewe na COVID-19, guhera mu gice cya kabiri cya 2020, isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ibikoresho ryabonye izamuka ry’ibiciro, guturika no kubura akabati.Igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa cyoherezwa mu mahanga cyazamutse kigera kuri 1658.58 mu mpera zUkuboza umwaka ushize, kikaba ari gishya mu myaka 12 ishize.Muri Werurwe umwaka ushize, ibyabaye mu bwato bwa Suez Canal byateje ikibazo cyo kubura ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu, bishyira hejuru cyane ku giciro cyo gutwara abantu hagati, bigira ingaruka ku bukungu bw’isi, kandi inganda mpuzamahanga z’ibikoresho zatsinzwe neza.
Usibye ingaruka z’imihindagurikire ya politiki n’amakimbirane ashingiye ku turere mu bihugu bitandukanye, ibikoresho mpuzamahanga n’ibicuruzwa byatanzwe byibanze mu nganda mu myaka ibiri ishize."Igiterane, igiciro kinini, kubura kontineri n'umwanya" nibyo byinjira byinjira mu mwaka ushize.Nubwo amashyaka atandukanye yagerageje guhindura ibintu bitandukanye, ibiranga ibikoresho mpuzamahanga nk "" igiciro cyinshi n’umuvuduko "mu 2022 biracyafite ingaruka ku iterambere ry’umuryango mpuzamahanga.
Muri rusange, ikibazo cyo gutanga amasoko ku isi cyatewe n'iki cyorezo kizaba kigizwe n'inzego zose, kandi inganda mpuzamahanga zikoresha ibikoresho nazo ntizihari.Bizakomeza guhura nihindagurika ryinshi mubiciro byimizigo no guhindura imikorere yubwikorezi.Muri ibi bidukikije bigoye, abacuruzi bo mumahanga bagomba kumenya iterambere ryiterambere ryibikoresho mpuzamahanga, baharanira gukemura ibibazo biriho no gushaka icyerekezo gishya cyiterambere.
Iterambere ryibikoresho mpuzamahanga
Bitewe ningaruka zimbere mu gihugu no hanze, inzira yiterambere ryinganda mpuzamahanga zigaragarira cyane cyane "kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga no gukenera ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu biracyahari", "kwiyongera kwinganda no kugura", "kuzamuka kwiterambere ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera "na" iterambere ryihuse rya logistique ".
1. Kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga no gusaba ubushobozi bwo gutwara biracyahari
Kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga no gukenera ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu byahoze ari ikibazo mu nganda mpuzamahanga z’ibikoresho, byiyongereye mu myaka ibiri ishize.Icyorezo cy’icyorezo cyahindutse amavuta yo gukaza umurego hagati y’ubushobozi bw’ubwikorezi n’ubushyamirane hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibisabwa, bigatuma ikwirakwizwa, ubwikorezi, ububiko n’andi masano y’ibikoresho mpuzamahanga bidashobora guhuzwa mu gihe gikwiye kandi neza. .Politiki yo gukumira icyorezo ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’ibihugu bitandukanye bikurikiranye, kimwe n’ingaruka zo kongera guhangana n’ibihe no kwiyongera kw’ifaranga ry’ifaranga, ndetse n’urwego rwo kuzamuka kw’ubukungu mu bihugu bitandukanye biratandukanye, bigatuma ingufu z’ubwikorezi ku isi zishyirwa hamwe. imirongo n'ibyambu, kandi biragoye ko amato n'abakozi babona isoko.Ibura rya kontineri, umwanya, abantu, ubwiyongere bwibicuruzwa bitwara abantu hamwe nubucucike byahindutse umutwe kubantu ibikoresho.
Ku bantu bo mu bikoresho, kuva mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka ushize, politiki yo kurwanya icyorezo cy’ibihugu byinshi yarorohewe, guhindura imiterere y’itangwa ryihuse, kandi ibibazo nk’ubwiyongere bw’imizigo hamwe n’umubyigano byagabanutse ku rugero runaka, bikabaha ibyiringiro byongeye.Mu 2022, ingamba zo kugarura ubukungu zafashwe n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi byagabanije umuvuduko w’ibikoresho mpuzamahanga.
Nyamara, kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga no gukenera ubushobozi bwubwikorezi biterwa no gutandukana kwimiterere hagati yo kugabura ubushobozi bwubwikorezi nibisabwa nyabyo bizakomeza kubaho muri uyu mwaka hashingiwe ko gukosora ubushobozi bwubwikorezi bidashobora kurangira mugihe gito.
2. Guhuza inganda no kugura biriyongera
Mu myaka ibiri ishize, kwibumbira hamwe no kugura ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga byihuta cyane.Ibigo bito bikomeje kwishyira hamwe, kandi ibigo binini n'ibihangange bihitamo amahirwe yo kubona, nko kubona itsinda ryoroshye ryo kugura ibikoresho bya goblin logistique, kugura Maersk kugura uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya e-bucuruzi muri Porutugali Huub, nibindi.Ibikoresho bya logistique bikomeje kugenda byegereye umutwe.
Kwihuta kwa M & A mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwibikoresho, kuruhande rumwe, bituruka kubishobora kuba bidashidikanywaho nigitutu gifatika, kandi inganda M & ibyabaye byanze bikunze;Ku rundi ruhande, kubera ko ibigo bimwe na bimwe bitegura gushyira ku rutonde, bakeneye kwagura ibicuruzwa byabo, kunoza ubushobozi bwa serivisi, kuzamura ubushobozi bw’isoko no kunoza serivisi za logistique.Muri icyo gihe, kubera ikibazo cyo gutanga amasoko yatewe n'iki cyorezo, gihura n’ivuguruzanya rikomeye hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibisabwa hamwe n’ibikoresho byo ku isi bitagenzurwa, ibigo bigomba kubaka urwego rwigenga kandi rushobora kugenzurwa.Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera gukabije kwinyungu zinganda zohereza ibicuruzwa ku isi mumyaka ibiri ishize byongereye ikizere ibigo gutangiza M & A.
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri M & intambara, M & A yuyu mwaka mubikorwa mpuzamahanga byo gutanga ibikoresho bizibanda cyane kuri vertical vertical ihuza epfo na ruguru kugirango tunonosore ingaruka.Ku nganda mpuzamahanga zikoresha ibikoresho, ubushake bwiza bwibikorwa, igishoro gihagije nibisabwa bifatika bizatuma M & A ihuza ijambo ryibanze ryiterambere ryinganda muri uyu mwaka.
3. Ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera ryakomeje kwiyongera
Ingaruka zicyorezo, ibibazo byinganda mpuzamahanga zikoresha ibikoresho mugutezimbere ubucuruzi, gufata neza abakiriya, ibiciro byabantu, kugurisha imari nibindi byagaragaye cyane.Niyo mpamvu, ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bito n'ibiciriritse bito n'ibiciriritse byatangiye gushaka impinduka, nko kugabanya ibiciro no kumenya impinduka hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya digitale, cyangwa gukorana n’ibihangange mu nganda n’ibigo mpuzamahanga byita ku bikoresho, kugira ngo tubone ubushobozi bunoze mu bucuruzi. .Tekinoroji ya digitale nka e-ubucuruzi, interineti yibintu, kubara ibicu, amakuru manini, guhagarika, 5g hamwe nubwenge bwubukorikori bitanga amahirwe yo guca muri izo ngorane.
Iterambere ry’ishoramari n’inkunga mu rwego rwo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mpuzamahanga na byo biragaragara.Nyuma yiterambere mumyaka yashize, hashakishijwe imishinga mpuzamahanga yibikoresho bya digitale ku isonga ryigabanywa, amafaranga menshi mu nganda yagiye agaragara, kandi umurwa mukuru uraterana buhoro buhoro.Kurugero, flexport, yavukiye mu kibaya cya Silicon, ifite inkunga ingana na miliyari 1.3 US $ mugihe kitarenze imyaka itanu.Byongeye kandi, kubera kwihuta kwa M & A no kwishyira hamwe mu nganda mpuzamahanga zo gukoresha ibikoresho, ikoreshwa rya tekinoloji igenda ivuka ryabaye imwe mu nzira zingenzi z’inganda kubaka no gukomeza guhangana kwabo.Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa rya tekinolojiya mishya mu nganda rishobora gukomeza kwiyongera muri 2022.
4. Kwihutisha iterambere ryibikoresho byatsi
Mu myaka yashize, ikirere cyisi cyahindutse cyane kandi ikirere gikabije cyabaye kenshi.Kuva mu 1950, ibitera imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi ahanini biva mu bikorwa by’abantu nko gusohora ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, muri byo ingaruka za CO ν zikaba zigera kuri bibiri bya gatatu.Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kurengera ibidukikije, guverinoma z’ibihugu bitandukanye zakoze cyane kandi zishyiraho amasezerano y’ingenzi ahagarariwe n’amasezerano y'i Paris.
Nka ngamba zifatika, shingiro kandi ziyobora iterambere ryubukungu bwigihugu, inganda zikoresha ibikoresho byingirakamaro kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya karubone.Raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara na Roland Berger ivuga ko inganda zitwara abantu n'ibikoresho ari zo zigira uruhare runini mu kwangiza imyuka ya gaze karuboni ku isi, ikaba ifite 21% by'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.Kugeza ubu, kwihuta kwicyatsi kibisi na karuboni nkeya byahindutse ubwumvikane bwinganda zikoreshwa, kandi "intego ya kabiri ya karubone" nayo yabaye ingingo ishyushye muruganda.
Ubukungu bukomeye ku isi bwakomeje gushimangira ingamba zingenzi nko kugena ibiciro bya karubone, ikoranabuhanga rya karubone no guhindura imiterere y’ingamba za "double carbone".Kurugero, leta ya Otirishiya irateganya kugera kuri "kutabogama kwa karubone / net zeru" muri 2040;Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa irateganya kugera ku "mpinga ya karubone" mu 2030 na "kutabogama kwa karubone / net zero zanduye" mu 2060. Hashingiwe ku mbaraga zashyizweho n’ibihugu bitandukanye mu gushyira mu bikorwa intego ya "karuboni ebyiri" n’imyumvire myiza y’Amerika yo gutaha ku masezerano y'i Paris, guhindura imihindagurikire y'ikirere mu nganda mpuzamahanga zikoresha ibikoresho bijyanye na "double carbone" mu myaka ibiri ishize bizakomeza uyu mwaka.Icyatsi kibisi cyahindutse inzira nshya yo guhatanira isoko, kandi umuvuduko wo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibidukikije mu nganda bizakomeza kwihuta.
Muri make, ku bijyanye n’ibyorezo by’indwara, ibihe byihutirwa bikomeje ndetse n’urwego rudasanzwe rwo gutwara abantu n'ibintu, inganda mpuzamahanga zikoresha ibikoresho bizakomeza guhindura imikorere y’ubucuruzi n’icyerekezo cy’iterambere hakurikijwe politiki n’amabwiriza ya guverinoma.
Kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga no gukenera ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu, guhuza inganda no kwishyira hamwe, ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera ndetse no guteza imbere icyatsi kibisi bizagira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’inganda mpuzamahanga.Amahirwe nibibazo bizabana muri 2022.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-08-2022